I. Reference Resources

•  The Oxford Companion to United States History – Edited by Paul S. Boyer

With over 1,400 entries written by some 900 historians and other scholars, it illuminates not only America's political, diplomatic, and military history, but also social, cultural, and intellectual trends; science, technology, and medicine; the arts; and religion.

Available online

• Encyclopedia of African American History, 1619-1895: From the Colonial Period to the Age of Frederick Douglass – Edited by Paul Finkelman
  

In nearly seven hundred entries, the Encyclopedia of African American History, 1619-1895 documents the full range of the African American experience during that period—from the arrival of the first slave ship to the death of Frederick Douglass—and shows how all aspects of American culture, history, and national identity have been profoundly influenced by the experience of African Americans.

Available online

• Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History – Edited by Colin A. Palmer

This resource is a five-volume set and supplement covering all aspects of the African-American experience from 1619 to the present day. Using biographies, historical essays, and thematic pieces, many written by foremost scholars, it addresses a wide array of subjects in over 2,300 articles to define in one source the cultural roots, participation in American life, and current condition of the African-American community.

Available online

• Black Women in America (2^nd Ed.) – Edited by Darlene Clark Hine

The second edition of Black Women in America, edited by Darlene Clark Hine, provides expanded coverage of the achievements and contributions of African American women. In nearly 600 entries, Black Women in America celebrates the remarkable achievements of black women throughout history, highlights their ongoing contributions in America today, and represents the new research the first edition helped to generate.

Available online

• Princeton Encyclopedia of American Political History – Edited by Michael Kazin

The title covers the major forces that have shaped American politics from its founding to today. It addresses eras, institutions, political parties, presidents, and documents including military, electoral, and economic events, as well as social movements, popular culture, religion, education, race, and gender.

Available online